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Example of ineffective activation
1. Assume prior knowledge
Move on despite lack of response
Students may have learning gaps
No checking for understanding
Long-term memory not ready for activation
2. Give no prompts
No context for recall
Students have no direction for tasks
Task purpose is confusing
3. Assess prior knowledge
Kill students’ interest
Cause students to feel dejected
Encourage a passive attitude
Stress use of textbook over teaching
Benefits of activating prior knowledge
Engage students in material
Provide relevant context for new ideas
Validate students’ knowledge and experience
Promote inclusion
Types of prior or background knowledge to activate
1. Refresh a sub skill (How to)
2. Appeal to common experience (Gives real world connection)
3. Plan in advance
Definitions
Skill review steps
Appeals to students
Personal stories and examples
Demonstrations
4. Keep it brief
Creating convey meaning
1. Mime action
2. Use facial expression or gesture
3. Make sound
4. Draw
5. Model and demonstrate
6. Provide sample
Useful Expressions
Refresh a sub skill
Let's review how to...
Remember how we did it...
Remember that...
Recall what we did before...
Last time we...
First I would...
Next we should...
The way to do this is...
Let me tell you...
What are your experiences with this?
What happens to you when...?
Did you ever have an experience...?
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